THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE JOYFUL LEARNING-BASED TARGET METHOD IN IMPROVING BADMINTON SERVICE RESULTS
Keywords:
Target Method, , Joyful Learning, Badminton, Physical EducationAbstract
Badminton service skill is a fundamental technique that requires accuracy, consistency, and active student engagement during the learning process. However, badminton learning in schools is still frequently dominated by repetitive instruction-based exercises that reduce students' motivation and participation. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the joyful learning-based target method in improving students' badminton short service skills. This study employed a quantitative pre-experimental one-group post-test design. The population consisted of 105 tenth-grade students, with 70 students selected through simple random sampling. The intervention was conducted in 12 meetings using a target-based badminton service training integrated with joyful learning principles. The research instrument was a short service accuracy test consisting of 12 attempts with a scoring range of 1–5 for each trial. Instrument validity was confirmed through expert judgment, while reliability testing showed a high Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC = 0.87). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Cohen's d effect size analysis. The findings showed that 20% of students achieved the excellent category, 37% good, 26% fair, 13% poor, and 4% very poor. The mean score reached 41.8, which was classified as good. The intervention showed positive improvement in students' service accuracy and consistency. In addition, the effect size analysis indicated effectiveness at a moderate-to-high level (Cohen's d = 0.82). The joyful learning-based target method indicated effectiveness in improving badminton service skills and creating a more engaging learning environment in physical education.
References
Asadi, A., Farsi, A., Abdoli, B., Saemi, E., & Porter, J.M. (2019). Directing attention externally and self-controlled practice have similar effects on motor skill performance. Journal of Motor Learning and Development , 7 (1), 141–151. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2017-0027
Aslam, S., Bin, S.Y., & Zhao, C.Z. (2025). Impact of Student-Centered Teaching Approaches on Physical Skill Development in Non-Athlete University Students at Henan Province Universities . https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6867927/v1
Bazylevych, N., Yurchenko, I., & Tonkonoh, O. (2023). Vplyv zaniat boksom na fizychnu pidhotovlenist uchniv starshoi shkoly.[The influence of boxing classes on the physical fitness of high school students]. Naukovyi Chasopys Natsionalnoho Pedahohichnoho Universytetu Imeni MP Drahomanova. Seria , 15 , 48–54. https://doi.org/10.59477/jeps.574
Casebolt, K., & Zhang, P. (2020). An authentic badminton game performance assessment rubric. Strategies , 33 (1), 8–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/08924562.2019.1680329
Efendi, A., Ambia, F., Abidin, Z., Muhammadiyah, U., Aceh, M., & Kuala, US (2024). Development of a Game-Based High Jump Athletics Learning Model to Improve High School Students' Physical Skills. Journal of Physical Education , 11 (2), 127–140. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46244/penjaskesrek.v11i2.2962
Han, Y., Syed Ali, SK Bin, & Ji, L. (2022a). Feedback for promoting motor skill learning in physical education: A trial sequential meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 19 (22), 15361. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215361
Han, Y., Syed Ali, SK Bin, & Ji, L. (2022b). Use of observational learning to promote motor skill learning in physical education: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 19 (16), 10109. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610109
Herbaut, A., Valgalier, A., Foissac, M., McGann, J., & Issartel, J. (2023). Influence of visual and haptic cues on motor learning: insights from tennis skill acquisition in children. Journal of Motor Behavior , 55 (5), 444–452. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2023.2198494
Hermahayu, H., & Mashitoh, R.F. (2022). Physical Activity as a Fun Alternative Learning Model: A Literature Review. Journal of Regional Innovation Windows , 5 (2), 191–208. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56354/jendelainovasi.v5i2.126
Janna, M., & Kurnia, M.F. (2025). Application of Biomechanical Principles to Optimize Athletic Performance of Physical Education Students. Hybrid: Journal of Science Education and Learning , 4 (2), 39–48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.51574/hybrid.v4i2.4163
Kurniawan, R., Hakim, SM, Rangkuti, YA, & Pranata, DY (2025). Augmented Reality (Ar)-Based Learning On Physical Education Learning Outcomes. Visipena , 16 (2), 345–356. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46244/visipena.v16i2.3382
Kyriakides, E., Tsangaridou, N., Charalambous, C.Y., & Kyriakides, L. (2020). Toward a more comprehensive picture of physical education teaching quality: combining generic and content-specific practices. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education , 40 (2), 256–266. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2019-0162
Lee, M.-H., Patel, P., & Ranganathan, R. (2022). Children are suboptimal in adapting motor exploration to task dimensionality during motor learning. Neuroscience Letters , 770 , 136355. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136355
Mat, NC, & Jamaludin, KA (2024). Effectiveness of practices and applications of student-centered teaching and learning in primary schools: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development , 13 (3), 1025–1044. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v13-i3/21733
Moisescu, P., & Codreanu, C. (2022). The Role of Coordinating Capabilities in the Formation of Specific Skills for the Game of Badminton. Scientific Collection «InterConf+» , 26 , 413–425. https://doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.10.2022.044
Moon, H., Kim, C., Kwon, M., Chen, Y.-T., Fox, E., & Christou, E. A. (2015). High-gain visual feedback exacerbates ankle movement variability in children. Experimental Brain Research , 233 (5), 1597–1606. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-015-4234-8
Mulyani, S., Yudho, FHP, & Sungkawa, MGG (2025). The Relationship between Learning Motivation and Self-Confidence in Forward Roll Skills in Fourth Grade Students of Cibalagung Elementary School. JOURNAL OF SPORTS EDUCATION , 15 (4), 296–303. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37630/jpo.v15i4.3315
Mustafa, PS (2022). The role of physical education in realizing national education goals. Wahana Pendidikan Scientific Journal , 8 (9), 68–80. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6629984
Nurdin, A., Sabilla, AM, & Abulyatama, U. (2024). The Role of Physical Education, Sports, and Health (PJOK) Teachers in Improving Basic Motor Skills of Lower Elementary School Students. Journal of Physical Education and Health , 11 (1), 44–54. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46244/penjaskesrek.v11i1.2873
Oagaz, H., Schoun, B., & Choi, M.-H. (2022). Real-time posture feedback for effective motor learning in table tennis in virtual reality. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies , 158 , 102731. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2021.102731
Pollok, F., Cook, D.A., Shaikh, N., Pankratz, V.S., Morrey, M.E., & Laack, T.A. (2022). Autonomy and focus of attention in medical motor skills learning: a randomized experiment. BMC Medical Education , 22 (1), 46. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-03020-z
Pranata, DY, Hidayat, AK, & Purnomo, E. (2022). Motivation of Badminton Athletes Early Age Group Practice Badminton in the Pbsi Merauke Regency. Teunuleh Scientific Journal , 3 (3), 245–256. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.51612/teunuleh.v3i3.112
Rizqiya, FA, Winata, FI, Lutfiyah, I., Setiyo, MDJ, Rohmah, ZM, Zulfa, Z., & Asitah, N. (2025). Motivation-Based Learning Strategies: A Combination of Intrinsic and Extrinsic for Academic Success. Nusantara Educational Review , 3 (1), 62–68. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55732/ner.v3i1.1593
Roberts, J. W., & Lawrence, G. P. (2019). Impact of attentional focus on motor performance within the context of “early” limb regulation and “late” target control. Acta Psychologica , 198 , 102864. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2019.102864
Shen, Y., & Shao, W. (2022). Influence of hybrid pedagogical models on learning outcomes in physical education: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 19 (15), 9673. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159673
Smit, M., Elferink-Gemser, M., Kolman, N., & Huijgen, B. (2022). Monitoring technical tennis performance under increasing physical intensity by the PTTF-test . https://doi.org/10.30827/Digibug.74115
Suherman, E., Rizal, C., & Marlina, L. (2023). Socialization of the Application of Play Training Methods to Improve Dribbling Skills in Soccer Games. Journal of Community Service Results (JURIBMAS) , 2 (1), 55–59. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.62712/juribmas.v2i1.112
Talib, CA, Aliyu, F., & Abdul Malik, AM bin. (2019). Enhancing Students' Reasoning Skills in Engineering and Technology through Game-Based Learning. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning , 14 (24). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i24.12117
Taupik, T., Supriyadi, T., & Saptani, E. (2025). Implementation of the target method on the accuracy of underhand passing in elementary school students' volleyball games. Multilateral: Journal of Physical Education and Sports , 24 (1), 124–134. https://doi.org/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/multilateral.v24i1.21653
Yurtsever, A. (2024). We Can Help! A School-Based Intervention: Outcomes of Academic Self-Efficacy Intervention among Turkish High School Students. Journal of European Psychology Students , 14 (2). https://doi.org/10.59477/jeps.574
Zakiati, E., Zaini, M., & Wati, M. (2024). Needs Analysis in Fulfilling Autonomous Learning in Junior High Schools. Journal of Banua Science Education , 5 (2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20527/jbse.v5i2.337
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sugiharto Sugiharto, Bahtiar Firdiansyah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
