CREATIVE THINKING USING METAPHORIC LANGUAGE TO IMPROVE POETRY WRITING SKILLS
Keywords:
Creative Thinking, Metaphoric Language, Poetry Writing Skills, Critical Thinking, Poetry
Abstract
metaphoric language affect students in improving their poetry writing skills. By taking randomly 176 samples from a student population of 314, data were collected through 3 types of tests and were analyzed by a regression test. The results show that the ability to think creatively has an effect on improving the students' poetry writing skills by 72.9% while the ability to use metaphoric language has an effect of 7.30% on their poetry writing skills. The implications that these effects provide cognitive and practical benefits are also discussed.
References
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Akhadiah, S. & Sakura, H. R. (2016). Pembinaan Kemampuan Menulis Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Erlangga
Apol, L. (2016). Writing poetry in Rwanda: a means for better listening, understanding, processing, and responding. Journal of Poetry Therapy, 30(2), 71–83. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/08893675.2017.1266188
Afshar, H. S., Movassagh, H., & Radi Arbabi, H. (2017). The interrelationship among critical thinking, writing an argumentative essay in an L2 and their subskills. The Language Learning Journal, 45(4), 419–433. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2017.1320420
Burrell, A. & Beard, R. (2017). Language play in the narrative writing of 9–11-year-olds. Education 3-13, 46(5), 547–562. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2017.1316511
Calkin, A. B. (2018). Writing on writing. International Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 87, 127–137. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2017.05.002
Çetinkaya, Ç. (2014). The Effect of Gifted Students’ Creative Problem Solving Program on Creative Thinking. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 116, 3722–3726. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.830
Cronin, C. & Hawthorne, C. (2019). “Poetry in motion” a place in the classroom: Using poetry to develop writing confidence and reflective skills. Nurse Education Today, Vol. 76, 73–77. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2019.01.026
Copping, A. (2016). Exploring connections between creative thinking and higher attaining writing. Education 3-13, 46(3), 307–316. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2016.1250801
Cross, V. & Holyoake, D.-D. (2017). “Don’t just travel”: thinking poetically on the way to professional knowledge. Journal of Research in Nursing, 22(6-7), 535–545. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987117727329
Delfino, M. & Manca, S. (2007). The expression of social presence through the use of figurative language in a web-based learning environment. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(5), 2190–2211. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2006.03.001
Ebadi, S. & Rahimi, M. (2018). An exploration into the impact of WebQuest-based classroom on EFL learners’ critical thinking and academic writing skills: a mixed-methods study. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 1–35. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2018.1449757
Freiman, M. (2015). A "Cognitive Turn" in Creative Writing – Cognition, Body, and Imagination. New Writing, 12(2), 127–142. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14790726.2015.1016043
Gardner, P., & Kuzich, S. (2017). Green writing: the influence of natural spaces on primary students’ poetic writing in the UK and Australia. Cambridge Journal of Education, 48(4), 427–443. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2017.1337720
Gebhard, S. (2006). The Lost Boys (and Girls). Journal of Teacher Education, 57(5), 454–463. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487106294087
Gintsburg, S. (2019). Lost in dictation. A cognitive approach to oral poetry: Frames, scripts and “unnecessary” words in the Jebli ayyu. Language & Communication, Vol. 64, 104–115. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langcom.2018.11.003
Goff, B., & Rish, R. (2019). What’s brought along and brought about: Negotiating writing practices in two high school classrooms. Learning, Culture, and Social Interaction. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2019.02.016
Habens, A. (2015). The True Picture: Creative Writing and Critical Thinking on Saint Veronica’s Cloth. TEXTILE, 13(3), 284–295. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14759756.2015.1045203
Hershey, M. & Kearns, P. (1979). The Effect of Guided Fantasy on the Creative Thinking and Writing Ability of Gifted Students. Gifted Child Quarterly, 23(1), 71–77. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F001698627902300118
Heaton, J. B. (2008).Writing English Language Tests. Singapore: Longman
Hoang, H. & Boers, F. (2018). Gauging the association of EFL learners’ writing proficiency and their use of metaphorical language. System, Vol. 74, 1–8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2018.02.004
Humble, S., Dixon, P., & Mpofu, E. (2018). Factor structure of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking Figural Form A in Kiswahili speaking children: Multidimensionality and influences on creative behavior. Thinking Skills and Creativity, Vol. 27, 33–44. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2017.11.005
Istiara, F. & Lustyantie, N. (2017). The Influence of Cooperative Learning Model and Critical Thinking on Essay Writing Skills (Experiment Study) STKIP PGRI Bandar Lampung. Language, Vol. 7, No. doi: https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v7n2p22
Jaben, T. H. (1983). The Effects of Creativity Training on Learning Disabled Students’ Creative Written Expression. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 16(5), 264–265. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F002221948301600504
Kosasih, E. (2014). Dasar-DasarKeterampilanBersastra Bandung. Jakarta, Indonesia: YramaWidya
Lahman, M. K. E., Richard, V. M., & Teman, E. D. (2018). ish: How to Write Poemish (Research) Poetry. Qualitative Inquiry, 25(2), 215-227. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800417750182
LaBonty, J., & Danielson, K. E. (2005). Writing Poems to Gain Deeper Meaning in Science. Middle School Journal, 36(5), 30–36. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00940771.2005.11461501
Lea, R. B., Rapp, D. N., Elfenbein, A., Mitchel, A. D., & Romine, R. S. (2008). Sweet Silent Thought. Psychological Science, 19(7), 709–716. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02146.x
Leeke, P. A. (2019). Fake narratives and critical thought: how creative writing can facilitate critical thinking in an age of fake news and false accounting. New Writing, 1–9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14790726.2019.1586954
Liu, F. & Stapleton, P. (2018). Connecting writing assessment with critical thinking: An exploratory study of alternative rhetorical functions and objects of enquiry in writing prompts. Assessing Writing, Vol. 38, 10–20. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2018.09.001
McNichols, C., & Witt, K. J. (2018). The use of poetry in counselor training and supervision. Journal of Poetry Therapy, 31(3), 145–164. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/08893675.2018.1467820
Mehta, S. R. & Al-Mahrooqi, R. (2014). Can Thinking be Taught? Linking Critical Thinking and Writing in an EFL Context. RELC Journal, 46(1), 23–36. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0033688214555356
Packard, G., & Berger, J. (2017). How Language Shapes Word of Mouth’s Impact. Journal of Marketing Research, 54(4), 572–588. doi: https://doi.org/10.1509%2Fjmr.15.0248
Page, J. (2018). When Poetry and Phenomenology Collide. Journal of Aesthetics and Phenomenology, 5(1), 31–51. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/20539320.2018.1460113
Soter, A. O. (2016). Reading and writing poetically for well-being: language as a field of energy in practice. Journal of Poetry Therapy, 29(3), 161–174. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/08893675.2016.1199510
Stukenberg, J. (2016). Deep habits: Workshop as critique in creative writing. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 16(3), 277–292. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1474022216652770
Thompson, C. L. (2009). The effect of writing evaluation on writing performance: A study in writing proficiency levels of fifth grade students. ETD Collection for Tennessee State University. Paper AAI3389376. url: https://digitalscholarship.tnstate.edu/dissertations/AAI3389376
Tok, Ş. & Kandemir, A. (2015). Effects of Creative Writing Activities on Students’ Achievement in Writing, Writing Dispositions and Attitude to English. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 174, 1635–1642. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.815
Wang, A. Y. (2012). Exploring the relationship of creative thinking to reading and writing. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 7(1), 38–47. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2011.09.001
Wu, L., Shen, H., Fan, A., & Mattila, A. S. (2017). The impact of language style on consumers′ reactions to online reviews. Tourism Management, Vol. 59, 590–596. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.09.006
Akhadiah, S. & Sakura, H. R. (2016). Pembinaan Kemampuan Menulis Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Erlangga
Apol, L. (2016). Writing poetry in Rwanda: a means for better listening, understanding, processing, and responding. Journal of Poetry Therapy, 30(2), 71–83. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/08893675.2017.1266188
Afshar, H. S., Movassagh, H., & Radi Arbabi, H. (2017). The interrelationship among critical thinking, writing an argumentative essay in an L2 and their subskills. The Language Learning Journal, 45(4), 419–433. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2017.1320420
Burrell, A. & Beard, R. (2017). Language play in the narrative writing of 9–11-year-olds. Education 3-13, 46(5), 547–562. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2017.1316511
Calkin, A. B. (2018). Writing on writing. International Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 87, 127–137. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2017.05.002
Çetinkaya, Ç. (2014). The Effect of Gifted Students’ Creative Problem Solving Program on Creative Thinking. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 116, 3722–3726. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.830
Cronin, C. & Hawthorne, C. (2019). “Poetry in motion” a place in the classroom: Using poetry to develop writing confidence and reflective skills. Nurse Education Today, Vol. 76, 73–77. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2019.01.026
Copping, A. (2016). Exploring connections between creative thinking and higher attaining writing. Education 3-13, 46(3), 307–316. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2016.1250801
Cross, V. & Holyoake, D.-D. (2017). “Don’t just travel”: thinking poetically on the way to professional knowledge. Journal of Research in Nursing, 22(6-7), 535–545. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987117727329
Delfino, M. & Manca, S. (2007). The expression of social presence through the use of figurative language in a web-based learning environment. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(5), 2190–2211. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2006.03.001
Ebadi, S. & Rahimi, M. (2018). An exploration into the impact of WebQuest-based classroom on EFL learners’ critical thinking and academic writing skills: a mixed-methods study. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 1–35. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2018.1449757
Freiman, M. (2015). A "Cognitive Turn" in Creative Writing – Cognition, Body, and Imagination. New Writing, 12(2), 127–142. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14790726.2015.1016043
Gardner, P., & Kuzich, S. (2017). Green writing: the influence of natural spaces on primary students’ poetic writing in the UK and Australia. Cambridge Journal of Education, 48(4), 427–443. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2017.1337720
Gebhard, S. (2006). The Lost Boys (and Girls). Journal of Teacher Education, 57(5), 454–463. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487106294087
Gintsburg, S. (2019). Lost in dictation. A cognitive approach to oral poetry: Frames, scripts and “unnecessary” words in the Jebli ayyu. Language & Communication, Vol. 64, 104–115. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langcom.2018.11.003
Goff, B., & Rish, R. (2019). What’s brought along and brought about: Negotiating writing practices in two high school classrooms. Learning, Culture, and Social Interaction. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2019.02.016
Habens, A. (2015). The True Picture: Creative Writing and Critical Thinking on Saint Veronica’s Cloth. TEXTILE, 13(3), 284–295. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14759756.2015.1045203
Hershey, M. & Kearns, P. (1979). The Effect of Guided Fantasy on the Creative Thinking and Writing Ability of Gifted Students. Gifted Child Quarterly, 23(1), 71–77. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F001698627902300118
Heaton, J. B. (2008).Writing English Language Tests. Singapore: Longman
Hoang, H. & Boers, F. (2018). Gauging the association of EFL learners’ writing proficiency and their use of metaphorical language. System, Vol. 74, 1–8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2018.02.004
Humble, S., Dixon, P., & Mpofu, E. (2018). Factor structure of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking Figural Form A in Kiswahili speaking children: Multidimensionality and influences on creative behavior. Thinking Skills and Creativity, Vol. 27, 33–44. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2017.11.005
Istiara, F. & Lustyantie, N. (2017). The Influence of Cooperative Learning Model and Critical Thinking on Essay Writing Skills (Experiment Study) STKIP PGRI Bandar Lampung. Language, Vol. 7, No. doi: https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v7n2p22
Jaben, T. H. (1983). The Effects of Creativity Training on Learning Disabled Students’ Creative Written Expression. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 16(5), 264–265. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F002221948301600504
Kosasih, E. (2014). Dasar-DasarKeterampilanBersastra Bandung. Jakarta, Indonesia: YramaWidya
Lahman, M. K. E., Richard, V. M., & Teman, E. D. (2018). ish: How to Write Poemish (Research) Poetry. Qualitative Inquiry, 25(2), 215-227. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800417750182
LaBonty, J., & Danielson, K. E. (2005). Writing Poems to Gain Deeper Meaning in Science. Middle School Journal, 36(5), 30–36. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00940771.2005.11461501
Lea, R. B., Rapp, D. N., Elfenbein, A., Mitchel, A. D., & Romine, R. S. (2008). Sweet Silent Thought. Psychological Science, 19(7), 709–716. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02146.x
Leeke, P. A. (2019). Fake narratives and critical thought: how creative writing can facilitate critical thinking in an age of fake news and false accounting. New Writing, 1–9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14790726.2019.1586954
Liu, F. & Stapleton, P. (2018). Connecting writing assessment with critical thinking: An exploratory study of alternative rhetorical functions and objects of enquiry in writing prompts. Assessing Writing, Vol. 38, 10–20. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2018.09.001
McNichols, C., & Witt, K. J. (2018). The use of poetry in counselor training and supervision. Journal of Poetry Therapy, 31(3), 145–164. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/08893675.2018.1467820
Mehta, S. R. & Al-Mahrooqi, R. (2014). Can Thinking be Taught? Linking Critical Thinking and Writing in an EFL Context. RELC Journal, 46(1), 23–36. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0033688214555356
Packard, G., & Berger, J. (2017). How Language Shapes Word of Mouth’s Impact. Journal of Marketing Research, 54(4), 572–588. doi: https://doi.org/10.1509%2Fjmr.15.0248
Page, J. (2018). When Poetry and Phenomenology Collide. Journal of Aesthetics and Phenomenology, 5(1), 31–51. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/20539320.2018.1460113
Soter, A. O. (2016). Reading and writing poetically for well-being: language as a field of energy in practice. Journal of Poetry Therapy, 29(3), 161–174. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/08893675.2016.1199510
Stukenberg, J. (2016). Deep habits: Workshop as critique in creative writing. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 16(3), 277–292. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1474022216652770
Thompson, C. L. (2009). The effect of writing evaluation on writing performance: A study in writing proficiency levels of fifth grade students. ETD Collection for Tennessee State University. Paper AAI3389376. url: https://digitalscholarship.tnstate.edu/dissertations/AAI3389376
Tok, Ş. & Kandemir, A. (2015). Effects of Creative Writing Activities on Students’ Achievement in Writing, Writing Dispositions and Attitude to English. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 174, 1635–1642. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.815
Wang, A. Y. (2012). Exploring the relationship of creative thinking to reading and writing. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 7(1), 38–47. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2011.09.001
Wu, L., Shen, H., Fan, A., & Mattila, A. S. (2017). The impact of language style on consumers′ reactions to online reviews. Tourism Management, Vol. 59, 590–596. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.09.006
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Published
2019-11-30
How to Cite
Marlina Bakri, Aceng Rahmat, & Ninuk Lustyantie. (2019). CREATIVE THINKING USING METAPHORIC LANGUAGE TO IMPROVE POETRY WRITING SKILLS. Getsempena English Education Journal , 6(2), 201-213. https://doi.org/10.46244/geej.v6i2.877
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